What are the two factors in defensive driving that help prevent collisions?

In the context of defensive driving, understanding reaction time and braking distance is crucial for preventing collisions.

Reaction time refers to the duration it takes for a driver to respond to a situation after recognizing it; this lag can be critical in avoiding accidents. A shorter reaction time allows a driver to perceive a hazard and begin to respond more quickly, which is essential when they need to maneuver or brake promptly to avoid a collision.

Braking distance is the distance a vehicle travels from the point at which the brakes are applied to when the vehicle comes to a complete stop. Knowing how braking distance can be affected by factors such as speed, road conditions, and vehicle type is vital for drivers. A longer braking distance means the driver requires more time to stop fully, which, if underestimated, could result in a crash.

Together, reaction time and braking distance create an understanding of how quickly a driver can respond and how far their vehicle will travel before stopping. Being proficient in both can significantly enhance a driver's ability to prevent collisions, as it integrates the necessary response and stopping capabilities needed in emergency situations.